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HANIM ABDUL RAZAK1,* , MUHAMAD FARIS CHE YUSOF2, HAZURA HAROON1, SITI KHADIJAH IDRIS@OTHMAN1, ANIS SUHAILA MOHD ZAIN1, FAUZIYAH SALEHUDDIN1, MUHAMAD FUAD ABDUL KARIM3
The growing demand for higher bitrates and faster modulation speeds has fueled the advancement of photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Multimode interference (MMI) couplers, critical for splitting and combining light in optical devices, are key components in systems such as Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), optical modulators, switches, and multi/demultiplexers. This study focuses on optimizing the performance of parabolic MMI couplers by examining the effects of varying the input tapered width and the input/output waveguide lengths. Simulations were conducted using OptiBPM software to model optical field propagation, while the OptiBPM Analyzer was utilized to evaluate insertion loss (IL) and output power. The optimization process employed the Taguchi method, using an L9 orthogonal array (OA) to minimize insertion loss and enhance performance. The optimal design identified through this method resulted in optical power output of 0.9874, insertion loss of 0.1439 dB and a high S/N ratio of 16.8388, with the input tapered width at input waveguide (IW) identified as the most significant factor, contributing 35.67% to overall performance. These results underscore the potential of the optimized MMI coupler for advancing future photonic technologies.
MMI coupler, OptiBPM, Taguchi L9 Orthogonal array, Insertion loss, Parabolic tapered.
HANIM ABDUL RAZAK, MUHAMAD FARIS CHE YUSOF, HAZURA HAROON, SITI KHADIJAH IDRIS@OTHMAN, ANIS SUHAILA MOHD ZAIN, FAUZIYAH SALEHUDDIN, MUHAMAD FUAD ABDUL KARIM, Optimization of parabolic tapered multimode interference (MMI) couplers using Taguchi method for photonic integrated circuits, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials - Rapid Communications, 19, 3-4, March-April 2025, pp.127-135 (2025).
Submitted at: Sept. 11, 2024
Accepted at: April 3, 2025
Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials - Rapid Communications
(2023): 0.5 - 2023 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2024)
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