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Fiber Bragg gratings written in photosensitive photonic crystal fibers and its sensing applications

I. R. IVASCU1,* , R. GUMENYUK2, S. KIVISTÖ2, A. N. DENISOV3, A. F. KOSOLAPOV3, Y. P. YATSENKO3, S. L. SEMJONOV3, O. G. OKHOTNIKOV2

Affiliation

  1. University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, Physics Department, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060042, Romania
  2. Optoelectronics Research Centre, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
  3. Fiber Optics Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119333, Russia

Abstract

In this paper we report on strong fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with reflectivity over 84%, photo-written in a novel photosensitive photonic crystal fiber (PCF) using a conventional phase-mask technique and 248 nm KrF excimer laser. Two types of highly Ge-doped core PCFs having different structures were employed in experiments. The high photosensitivity of fiber allowed us to achieve strong FBGs without hydrogen loading thus avoiding the inconveniences related to loaded fibers splicing, possible decrease of the grating reflectivity due to annealing and power losses. A significant effect of the PCF structure on the Bragg resonance wavelength of the FBG was observed. In addition to the core Bragg resonance, the secondary resonances have been displayed. The temperature and strain sensitivity of the FBG in PCF has been derived and compared it with a standard single mode fiber. The FBG photo-imprinted in PCF could be used as temperature, strain and chemical sensors..

Keywords

Photonic crystal fiber, Fiber Bragg grating, Bragg wavelength, Phase mask technique, Temperature and strain sensor.

Citation

I. R. IVASCU, R. GUMENYUK, S. KIVISTÖ, A. N. DENISOV, A. F. KOSOLAPOV, Y. P. YATSENKO, S. L. SEMJONOV, O. G. OKHOTNIKOV, Fiber Bragg gratings written in photosensitive photonic crystal fibers and its sensing applications, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials - Rapid Communications, 5, 7, July 2011, pp.704-708 (2011).

Submitted at: June 20, 2011

Accepted at: July 25, 2011